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什么是吊桥效应——刺激的条件下，我们更容易爱上对方

作者蜗梵百科

12月 25, 2021

　　心理学有个现象叫“吊桥效应”，是指当一个人提心吊胆地过吊桥的时候，会不由自主地心跳加快，如果这个时候，碰巧遇见另一个人，那么他会错把由这种情境引起的心跳加快理解为对方使自己心动，才产生的生理反应，从而觉得，自己是爱上了对方，这是爱的感觉。

　　刻哥的爱情提示：我们可以利用“吊桥效应”让对方对我们心动和爱上我们。

　　比如：两个人去坐过山车、去看刺激的电影、去蹦极、去鬼屋等，通过外界的刺激能让人进入感性的状态，让彼此因为偶然的事件分泌出更多的爱的多巴胺，并认为自己已经深深的爱上对方。

　　霍桑效应是由哈佛大学心理学专家梅奥提出，是指当人们在意识到自己正在被关注或者观察的时候，会刻意去改变一些行为或者是言语表达的效应。

　　举个最简单的例子，在没有女生的场所，男生通常都不修边幅、举止随意，但是一旦这个场所有女生存在，他们就会注重形象，因为他们感觉自己会被异性关注，所以会特别注意自己的言行。

　　首因效应由美国心理学家洛钦斯首先提出的，也叫第一印象效应，指交往双方形成的第一次印象对今后交往关系的影响，也即是“先入为主”带来的效果。虽然这些第一印象并非总是正确的，但却是最鲜明、最牢固的，并且决定着以后双方交往的进程。

　　刻哥的爱情提示：正是因为首因效应，所以男女之间第一次见面显得尤为重要，所以比如第一次约会，刚加上好友你的头像和朋友圈给对方的印象，都很重要。所以，平时要维护好你的朋友圈，打造好自己的形象，第一次见面要表现好啊，注意打扮，注意细节，男生注意绅士和礼貌。千万不要，没有好好打扮状态不好，勉强见面。

　　近因效应是心理学家A·卢琴斯根据实验首次提出，指在多种刺激出现的时候，我们印象的形成主要取决于后来出现的刺激。即交往过程中，我们对他人最新的认识会占据主体地位，掩盖了以往形成的对他人的评价，因此也被称为“新颖效应”。

　　刻哥的爱情提示：近因效应强调一个人对另外一个人的印象受到最近一次接触的影响很大。比如，失恋分手，对方肯定是因为对你印象不好才会选择分开，那么，最好不要在这个时候贸然纠缠，不然只会加重他对你的坏印象，要一点点的努力尝试改变他对你的最后印象。

　　心理学有个现象叫“幸福递减定律”，是指人们在特定情况下从某物品中所得的满足，会随着物品增多而减少。正是在这个定律作用下，相爱越久，相处越深，对另一半的心理期望值就越匮乏和不满，这也就不难理解为什么会有“七年之痒”现象的出现。

　　刻哥的爱情提示：我们要认识规律，一方面要不断的保持危机感，为自己的爱情不断努力，一方面也要认识到，很多时候你觉得不幸福的时候，未必是你真的不幸福，而恰恰相反，正是因为你一直幸福着，所以“幸福递减定律”让你慢慢对幸福的感知降低了，要珍惜当下的幸福。

　　

　　沉没成本效应是指已经付出且不可回收的成本，如时间、金钱、精力等。人们在决定是否去做一件事的时候，既要看这件事对自己有没有好处，还要看自己对这件事情上的投入。

　　所以，有的人宁愿浪费时间，也要坚持看完无聊的电影；有的人明明投资了亏本的生意或者股票，也不愿意放弃割肉，都是因为已经投入太多，沉没成本过大而难以割舍。

　　刻哥的爱情提示：如果你想让一个人离不开你，那就尽可能让他为你多花一些心思，不管是金钱、时间还是投入的爱，因为他一旦投入了这些不可回收的成本，他就会变得计较和不愿意放弃。

　　皮格马利翁效应指人们基于对某种情境的知觉而形成的期望或预言，会使该情境产生适应这一期望或预言的效应。也即人的情感、观念和行为，会不同程度地受到别人下意识的影响。

　　它作为一种心理学启示就是，你的赞美、夸奖和愿望会成为一种心理暗示，让被期望者在无形的力量助推下，按照你的期望去做。这是一种潜移默化的力量，有效发挥其积极作用，就能让另一半成为你所期望的样子。

　　禀赋效应是指当个人一旦拥有某项物品，那么他对该物品价值的评价要比未拥有之前大大增加。这一现象可以用行为金融学中的“损失厌恶”理论来解释，当人们面对同样数量的收益和损失时,认为损失更加令他们难以忍受。这说明人类天生就对失去有着根深蒂固的厌恶情节。

　　墨菲定律是指你越害怕发生的事情，越可能发生。

　　爱情中的墨菲定律，当你怀疑对方出轨，很快就容易会发现真的有第三者的踪迹；当你认为这段感情很累，有预感它不会走到最后，没过多久你们就会分手；你害怕失去他，对他有求必应、百依百顺，结果往往更容易失去他……，

　　因为当你害怕一件事的时候，你就更可能因为害怕把事情搞砸。

　　刻哥的爱情提示：与其担心男朋友会离开自己，天天纠结他是不是不爱自己了，是不是喜欢上别人了 ，不如让自己变的感觉积极，让自己变好，因为你的会让自己看起来不自信和糟糕，也会给对方压力，更容易导致感情出现危机。

作者 蜗梵百科

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